asp.net core 发送QQ邮件

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.netframework 中发送邮件的api主要是使用SmtpClient 类，到了.netcore,官方并不推荐使用SmtpClient API，详情可查看官方说明:[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.net.mail.smtpclient?view=net-5.0](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.net.mail.smtpclient?view=net-5.0),因此这里我使用第三方邮件发送库：MailKit 来进行邮件的发送。

### 配置QQ邮箱
* 登录QQ邮箱，选择设置->账户->POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务
![](https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5346035318829890186.png)
开启POP3/SMTP服务以及IMAP/SMTP服务。

***POP3服务开启流程***
	1.开启POP3服务![]	
	(https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5596824483738550145.png)
![](https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5596824483738550145.png)
	2.POP3服务开启成功后如下图所示，会弹出一个框，**注意：不是用这个框里的密码进行发送邮件**
	![](https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5608533212550377670.png)
	3.生成用于发送邮件的授权码
	![](https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5558826906834150363.png) 


***IMAP服务开启流程***
开启流程和POP3开启流程类似。

### 创建邮件发送接口
* 安装nuget包MailKit

* 添加IMailService接口
	```C#
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.Text;
	using System.Threading.Tasks;

	namespace CommonLib.Email
	{
		public interface IMailService
		{
			Task SendEmailAsync(MailRequest mailRequest);
		}
	}

	```
* 创建邮件信息相关实体类
	```C#
	using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.Text;

	namespace CommonLib.Email
	{
		public class MailRequest
		{
			//收件地址
			public string ToEmail { get; set; }
			//邮件标题
			public string Subject { get; set; }
			//邮件内容,支持html
			public string Body { get; set; }
			//要发送的附件
			public List<IFormFile> Attachments { get; set; }
		}
	}
```

* 创建邮箱配置信息实体类
	```C#
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.Text;

	namespace CommonLib.Email
	{
		public class MailSettings
		{
			//用于发送邮件的邮箱账号
			public string Mail { get; set; }
			//显示名称
			public string DisplayName { get; set; }
			//用于发送邮件的邮箱账号的授权码
			public string Password { get; set; }
			//用于发送邮件的邮箱服务器,QQ邮箱是：smtp.qq.com
			public string Host { get; set; }
			//用于发送邮件的邮箱服务器端口,QQ邮箱的端口是25
			public int Port { get; set; }
		}
	}
	```
	
	
* 创建实现具体邮件发送逻辑的类,并实现IMailService接口
	```C#
	using MailKit.Net.Smtp;
	using MailKit.Security;
	using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
	using MimeKit;
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.IO;
	using System.Text;
	using System.Threading.Tasks;

	namespace CommonLib.Email
	{
		public class MailService : IMailService
		{
			private readonly MailSettings _mailSettings;
			public MailService(IOptions<MailSettings> mailSettings)
			{
				_mailSettings = mailSettings.Value;
				//这里这个密码是QQ邮箱授权码
				_mailSettings.Password = mailSettings.Value.Password;
			}
			public async Task SendEmailAsync(MailRequest mailRequest)
			{
				var email = new MimeMessage();
				//一定要使用下面这句代码添加发送人邮箱信息,否则QQ收件箱那边无法看到发送人的邮箱信息。
				email.From.Add(MailboxAddress.Parse(_mailSettings.Mail));
				email.Sender = MailboxAddress.Parse(_mailSettings.Mail);

				email.To.Add(MailboxAddress.Parse(mailRequest.ToEmail));
				email.Subject = mailRequest.Subject;
				var builder = new BodyBuilder();
				if (mailRequest.Attachments != null)
				{
					byte[] fileBytes;
					foreach (var file in mailRequest.Attachments)
					{
						if (file.Length > 0)
						{
							using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
							{
								file.CopyTo(ms);
								fileBytes = ms.ToArray();
							}
							builder.Attachments.Add(file.FileName, fileBytes, MimeKit.ContentType.Parse(file.ContentType));
						}
					}
				}
				builder.HtmlBody = mailRequest.Body;
				email.Body = builder.ToMessageBody();
				using (var smtp = new SmtpClient())
				{
					smtp.Connect(_mailSettings.Host, _mailSettings.Port, SecureSocketOptions.StartTls);
					smtp.Authenticate(_mailSettings.Mail, _mailSettings.Password);
					await smtp.SendAsync(email);
					smtp.Disconnect(true);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	```

### 注入邮箱发送服务到Asp.net core 
打开Startup.cs 文件，往ConfigureService方法中加入如下代码
```C#
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
			services.AddScoped<IMailService, MailService>();
			//这里配置为从配置文件中读取发送邮件所需要用到的邮箱账号、授权码、邮箱服务器等信息。
			services.Configure<MailSettings>(Configuration.GetSection("MailSettings"));
		}
```
打开appsettings.Development.json文件，加入发送邮件所用到的邮箱账号、邮箱服务器等信息。
```json
{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "MailSettings": {
    "Mail": "2782815239@qq.com",
    "DisplayName": "陈新",
    "Password": "xxx",
    "Host": "smtp.qq.com",
    "Port": 25
  },
  "urls": "http://*:80"
}

```

到这里，基本配置工作已经完成，但是需要注意的是将代码发布到云服务器上（如腾讯云）时需要注意解封25端口，否则无法正常发送邮件。

腾讯云25端口开放方法请参见：[https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/40436](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/40436)

[原创]-asp.net core 发送QQ邮件

460 0 2021-08-31 22:18

.netframework 中发送邮件的api主要是使用SmtpClient 类，到了.netcore,官方并不推荐使用SmtpClient API，详情可查看官方说明:[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.net.mail.smtpclient?view=net-5.0](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.net.mail.smtpclient?view=net-5.0),因此这里我使用第三方邮件发送库：MailKit 来进行邮件的发送。

### 配置QQ邮箱
* 登录QQ邮箱，选择设置->账户->POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务
![](https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5346035318829890186.png)
开启POP3/SMTP服务以及IMAP/SMTP服务。

***POP3服务开启流程***
	1.开启POP3服务![]	
	(https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5596824483738550145.png)
![](https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5596824483738550145.png)
	2.POP3服务开启成功后如下图所示，会弹出一个框，**注意：不是用这个框里的密码进行发送邮件**
	![](https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5608533212550377670.png)
	3.生成用于发送邮件的授权码
	![](https://www.lovecoding.com.cn:99//5558826906834150363.png) 


***IMAP服务开启流程***
开启流程和POP3开启流程类似。

### 创建邮件发送接口
* 安装nuget包MailKit

* 添加IMailService接口
	```C#
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.Text;
	using System.Threading.Tasks;

	namespace CommonLib.Email
	{
		public interface IMailService
		{
			Task SendEmailAsync(MailRequest mailRequest);
		}
	}

	```
* 创建邮件信息相关实体类
	```C#
	using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.Text;

	namespace CommonLib.Email
	{
		public class MailRequest
		{
			//收件地址
			public string ToEmail { get; set; }
			//邮件标题
			public string Subject { get; set; }
			//邮件内容,支持html
			public string Body { get; set; }
			//要发送的附件
			public List<IFormFile> Attachments { get; set; }
		}
	}
```

* 创建邮箱配置信息实体类
	```C#
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.Text;

	namespace CommonLib.Email
	{
		public class MailSettings
		{
			//用于发送邮件的邮箱账号
			public string Mail { get; set; }
			//显示名称
			public string DisplayName { get; set; }
			//用于发送邮件的邮箱账号的授权码
			public string Password { get; set; }
			//用于发送邮件的邮箱服务器,QQ邮箱是：smtp.qq.com
			public string Host { get; set; }
			//用于发送邮件的邮箱服务器端口,QQ邮箱的端口是25
			public int Port { get; set; }
		}
	}
	```
	
	
* 创建实现具体邮件发送逻辑的类,并实现IMailService接口
	```C#
	using MailKit.Net.Smtp;
	using MailKit.Security;
	using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
	using MimeKit;
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using System.IO;
	using System.Text;
	using System.Threading.Tasks;

	namespace CommonLib.Email
	{
		public class MailService : IMailService
		{
			private readonly MailSettings _mailSettings;
			public MailService(IOptions<MailSettings> mailSettings)
			{
				_mailSettings = mailSettings.Value;
				//这里这个密码是QQ邮箱授权码
				_mailSettings.Password = mailSettings.Value.Password;
			}
			public async Task SendEmailAsync(MailRequest mailRequest)
			{
				var email = new MimeMessage();
				//一定要使用下面这句代码添加发送人邮箱信息,否则QQ收件箱那边无法看到发送人的邮箱信息。
				email.From.Add(MailboxAddress.Parse(_mailSettings.Mail));
				email.Sender = MailboxAddress.Parse(_mailSettings.Mail);

				email.To.Add(MailboxAddress.Parse(mailRequest.ToEmail));
				email.Subject = mailRequest.Subject;
				var builder = new BodyBuilder();
				if (mailRequest.Attachments != null)
				{
					byte[] fileBytes;
					foreach (var file in mailRequest.Attachments)
					{
						if (file.Length > 0)
						{
							using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
							{
								file.CopyTo(ms);
								fileBytes = ms.ToArray();
							}
							builder.Attachments.Add(file.FileName, fileBytes, MimeKit.ContentType.Parse(file.ContentType));
						}
					}
				}
				builder.HtmlBody = mailRequest.Body;
				email.Body = builder.ToMessageBody();
				using (var smtp = new SmtpClient())
				{
					smtp.Connect(_mailSettings.Host, _mailSettings.Port, SecureSocketOptions.StartTls);
					smtp.Authenticate(_mailSettings.Mail, _mailSettings.Password);
					await smtp.SendAsync(email);
					smtp.Disconnect(true);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	```

### 注入邮箱发送服务到Asp.net core 
打开Startup.cs 文件，往ConfigureService方法中加入如下代码
```C#
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
			services.AddScoped<IMailService, MailService>();
			//这里配置为从配置文件中读取发送邮件所需要用到的邮箱账号、授权码、邮箱服务器等信息。
			services.Configure<MailSettings>(Configuration.GetSection("MailSettings"));
		}
```
打开appsettings.Development.json文件，加入发送邮件所用到的邮箱账号、邮箱服务器等信息。
```json
{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "MailSettings": {
    "Mail": "2782815239@qq.com",
    "DisplayName": "陈新",
    "Password": "xxx",
    "Host": "smtp.qq.com",
    "Port": 25
  },
  "urls": "http://*:80"
}

```

到这里，基本配置工作已经完成，但是需要注意的是将代码发布到云服务器上（如腾讯云）时需要注意解封25端口，否则无法正常发送邮件。

腾讯云25端口开放方法请参见：[https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/40436](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/40436)

非特殊说明，本文版权归陈新所有，转载请注明出处.

本文标题:asp.net core 发送QQ邮件

本文网址:https://www.lovecoding.com.cn/post/detail/1004

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